Proceedings of Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics (ABXPV17)
Publication date: 18th December 2016
Despite the promising progress in improving the efficiency of CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells, long-term stability is one of the key issues that must be addressed before any market viability of perovskite solar cells could be suggested.
Incorporation of organic cations larger than methylammonium, leads to the formation of multi-dimensional perovskites (A2A’n-1BnX3n+1) which may be seen to be derived from their 3D counterparts (ABX3) by introducing appropriate organic cations (A, A’) .Mixed-dimensional perovskites could be rendered chemically stable at higher temperature due to the lower volatility of the larger cations.
One of the first work in mixed-dimensionality perovskite, a mixture of layered (2D) and 3D perovskites was reported in the form of (PEA)2(MA)2[Pb3I10], (with PEA = C6H5(CH2)2NH3+ and MA = CH3NH3+) [1]. This material displayed a 2D and 3D mixed perovskite structure with promising efficiency, and stability against moisture. We have recently pursued a similar approach where mixed dimensionality perovskites were formed as (MA)n-1(EAI)2PbnX3n+1, with EAI = CH3CH2NH3I [2], where tunability of bandgaps and improved stability was brought about. Yet another approach of formation of bilayers (in nanoparticles) was also demonstrated by our group recently where a 2D layered perovskite (OA)2PbBr4 was formed on top of MAPbBr3 perovskite, OA =CH3(CH2)7NH3[3].
This presentation will outline a broad palette of elemental substitutions, solid solutions, and multidimensional families [4] that will provide the next step towards the advances of the perovskite solar cells and light-emitting devices. Challenges and opportunities in perovskite materials beyond methyl ammonium lead iodide,4-7 with particular emphasis on their recombination dynamics, optoelectronic properties, and integration into solar cells and light-emitting devices [5], will also be addressed.
References
[1] I.C. Smith, E.T. Hoke, D. Solis-Ibarra, et al. “A Layered Hybrid Perovskite Solar-Cell Absorber with Enhanced Moisture Stability”, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2014, 53(42), 11232-11235.
[2] T.M. Koh, V. Shanmugam, J. Schlipf et al. “Nanostructuring Mixed-Dimensional Perovskites: A Route Toward Tunable, Efficient Photovoltaics”, Adv. Mater., 2016, 28(19), 3653-3661.
[3] S Bhaumik, SA Veldhuis, YF Ng, MJ Li, SK Muduli, TC Sum, B Damodaran, SG Mhaisalkar, N Mathews, Highly stable, luminescent core-shell type methylammonium-octylammonium lead bromide layered perovskite nanoparticles, Chem Comm, 52(44): 7118-7121, 2016
[4] P.P. Boix, S. Agarwala, T.M. Koh, N. Mathews, S.G. Mhaisalkar. “Perovskite Solar Cells: Beyond Methylammonium Lead Iodide”, Feature Article - J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2015, 6(5): 898-907.
[5] S Veldhius, PP Boix, N Yantara, M Li, TC Sum, N Mathews, and SG Mhaisalkar, “Perovskite Materials for Light-Emitting Diodes and Lasers,” Advanced Materials, 2016, DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600669.
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