Publication date: 17th February 2025
Quantum dots (QDs) are a subject of great interest in the domains of materials science, spectroscopy, sensors, biological imaging, diagnostics, and photovoltaics. SnO₂ QDs have garnered significant attention as ETLs in PSCs due to its exceptional optoelectronic properties such as wide bandgap, good electron mobility, high thermal stability, and compatibility with solution processing techniques. Despite the advancements in SnO₂ QDs ETLs, the conventional synthesis strategy of SnO₂ QDs mainly relies on complex processes, high temperature-processing, and the use of toxic reagents that have environmental and PSCs stability concerns. To address these issues, we report a room-temperature solution-processable strategy using environmentally friendly chemical facilitator and solvent to synthesize ultra-small SnO₂ QDs. We analyzed the SnO₂ QDs ink chemistry, morphological, crystallographic, electronic, and optoelectronic characteristics of SnO₂ QD thin films to optimize precursors for depositing phase-pure SnO₂ QDs. The as-synthesized SnO2 QDs ETLs achieved enhanced PSCs device stability and photovoltaic performance outperforming those traditional SnO2 QDs ETLs, offering a pathway to stable, efficient, reproducible, large-scale, and flexible PSCs/tandem PSCs processed at low temperatures.
Key word: Quantum dots, SnO2, chemical facilitator, electron transporting layer, optoelectronics, perovskite solar cells
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