Publication date: 15th December 2025
Emerging semiconductors, particularly organic conjugated molecules and metal halide perovskites, are transforming the semiconductor industry and serving as foundational materials for next-generation technologies, including solar panels, displays, lighting, and sensing devices. In photovoltaics, perovskite solar cells have already achieved an impressive power conversion efficiency of 27%, while organic solar cells have surpassed 20%. However, despite their remarkable device performance, several challenges still hinder large-scale commercialisation.
A key factor in realising the full commercial potential of organic solar cells is stability; a photovoltaic device must possess a sufficiently long lifespan to exceed the operational requirements of its intended application. The limited stability of conventional fullerene-based organic solar cells has long been recognised as a major challenge, with multiple degradation mechanisms leading to rapid performance losses under illumination, ambient exposure, and thermal stress. Nevertheless, the transition from fullerene to non-fullerene acceptors, alongside significant advances in molecular and device design, has opened exciting opportunities to fully address this issue.
For perovskite solar cells, one of the most critical concerns is their potentially high ecotoxicity, primarily due to the use and subsequent leaching of excessive amounts of lead into the environment over the product’s lifetime. How to minimise the risks of lead release fromthese materials into the environment without compromising device performance remains a majorchallenge.
In this talk, I will summarize my group's recent research progress in addressing the stability and environmental challenges of organic and perovskite materials and solar cells. For organic solar cells, I will highlight the distinct roles of donor and acceptor materials in degradation and propose potential strategies to mitigate these degradation mechanisms. For perovskite solar cells, I will examine the lead leaching mechanisms of halide perovskite materials under various environmental conditions and demonstrate how rational materials and device design can help overcome this challenge.
