Proceedings of nanoGe Spring Meeting 2022 (NSM22)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nsm.2022.229
Publication date: 7th February 2022
Though electrochemistry of conducting polymers is a rather old topic[1], only recently conducting polymers have received renewed attention as inherently mixed-ionic-electronic conductors for a number of emerging switchable technologies including actuators, electrochromic displays and electrically switchable metasurfaces.
One of the work-horses of the community remains poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) :poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). While typically known as “synthetic metal” with application as transparent flexible electrodes, the material is a mixed conductor[2] and shows ionic conductivity which is strongly affected by humidity.[3] The humidity dependence of the PSS polyelectrolyte phase together with the electroactive nature of the PEDOT can be used to create multifunctional and multiresponsive materials. A recent example from my group is the preparation of “intelligent” humidity-triggered bilayer actuators whose bending behavior (curvature) can be nicely explained by the humidity-dependent mechanical behavior of the constituents.[4] In collaboration with nanooptics experts the electrochemical stimuli were further used to switch nanoantennas “on” and “off” between the metallic and the insulating state.[5] In this context advanced electrochemical techniques based on coupling of cyclic voltammetry with in-situ transmission spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry and conductivity measurements help to shed light on the dependence of optical constants, conductivity and swelling behavior as function of the redox state.
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