Proceedings of Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics (ABXPV16)
Publication date: 14th December 2015
The rapid pace of development for hybrid perovskite photovoltaics has recently resulted in promising figures of merit being obtained with regard to device stability. Rather than relying upon expensive barrier materials, realising market comparative lifetimes is likely to require the development of intrinsically stable devices, and to this end accelerated ageing tests can help identify degradation mechanisms that may arise over the long-term. Under continuous simulated AM.15 illumination, we monitor the behaviour of archetypal mesoporous CH3NH3Pb3-xClx solar cells operating in the presence of dry oxygen. Testing under these conditions evidences a reduction in solar cell efficiency that is dominated by a loss in photocurrent, e.g. the relative loss in photocurrent after 24 hours under 5 vol% O2 is 90%. Through in-situ transient electrical measurements, we identify two distinct stages of degradation, initiated by the semi-reversible build-up of charge within the perovskite layer. With prolonged ageing this process ultimately drives the large scale and irreversible photooxidation of the perovskite itself, a result in line with previous studies on CH3NH3Pb3 films and confirmed here by ex-situ XRD. By rapidly extracting charge from the solar cells this degradation pathway can be mitigated, confirming the importance of high charge extraction efficiency in maximising the tolerance of perovskite solar cells to oxygen.
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