Proceedings of Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics (ABXPV16)
Publication date: 14th December 2015
Hybrid halide perovskites, most notably methylamonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) are currently the most investigated materials for photovoltaics, with device efficiencies over 20% being reported. Replacement of the methyl ammonium (MA) cation by butyl ammonium (BA) leads to 2 dimensional materials with a slightly different stoichiometry, BAPbI4, and very high stability under ambient conditions. When MA and BA are both present, structures with multiple layers of PbI3 with MA cations are formed, separated by the longer BA cations. The transition from 3D bulk materials to two-dimensional systems that are strongly confined in one direction offers interesting new possibilities to tune the properties of these materials. It has already been shown that the band gap and fluorescence quantum yield strongly depend on the thickness of the perovskite layers. In this work we have investigated the properties of charges and excited states in 2D perovskite materials as a function of the thickness of the layers using time resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) techniques. The mobility of charges was determined using TRCM combined with excitation by high-energy electron pulses. From these measurements the dependence of the mobility on layer thickness and temperature is obtained. A clear dependence of the mobility on the layer thickness is observed, which can be rationalized in terms of the band structure of the 2D materials. In addition, we have also studied the photogeneration of charges using TRMC combined with laser excitation. These experiments show that the exciton dissociation and charge carrier lifetime are strongly dependent on the layer thickness. The combination of both of these unique experiments give a detailed insight in the excited state and charge dynamics in these customizable 2D perovskite materials.
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