Publication date: 15th May 2025
Phenols and their derivatives serve as valuable intermediates for plastics and pharmaceuticals. However, most photocatalytic processes for phenol coupling require homogeneous dispersions of palladium or ruthenium catalysts on substrates, which are expensive, and it is often challenging to recycle these catalysts. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are promising photocatalysts that can be dispersed in catalytic media, offering size-tunable band gaps and strong light absorption. We focus on zinc selenide (ZnSe) QDs as non-toxic alternatives to the archetypal cadmium-based QDs. We explore ZnSe QDs as photocatalysts for homo-coupling reaction of 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol under 405 nm light. Additionally, we tune surface ligands of ZnSe QDs to control hydrophilicity of the QD photocatalysts and reveal the relationships between ligand environment and reactivity of catalysts. We expect to optimize reaction conditions using QDs in phenol coupling reactions and broaden the applications of QDs for green chemistry.
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