Application of a quartz crystal microbalance to measure interface structure between carbon and perovskite materials for carbon based perovskite solar cells
Putao Zhang a, Kengo Hamada a, Gaurav Kapil a, Fu Yang a, Shuzi Hayase a
a Kyusyu institute of technology
Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics
Proceedings of International Conference Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics 2018 (AP-HOPV18)
Kitakyūshū-shi, Japan, 2018 January 28th - 30th
Organizers: Shuzi Hayase, Juan Bisquert and Hiroshi Segawa
Poster, Putao Zhang, 068
Publication date: 27th October 2017

Since the interface has great influence on performance of perovskite solar cell, understanding the details of PbI2 adsorption on carbon electrode is crucial for optimizing the performance of carbon based perovskite solar cells. Quartz crystal microbalance system (QCM) can monitor adsorbed mass in real time. In this work, we monitored the adsorption of PbI2 onto a carbon layer by QCM. The result shows that the mass of PbI2 adsorbed onto carbon layer increased with the increase concentration of PbI2 in N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF). After rinsing by DMF, some of the PbI2 is still adsorbed on the carbon surface, suggesting that the interfacial structure bonded by chemical bonds. PbI2 binding was also verified by X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) result showed that part of the Pb-I reacts with the -OH on carbon surface and forming C-O-Pb linkages. Perovskite solar cell prepared by two-step method with a structure of TiO2 (perovskite)/ZrO (perovskite)/Carbon (perovskite) can form a passivation layer at the interface between carbon electrode and perovskite, achieves a higher power conversion efficiency than the same structure fabricate by one-step mothed. Our study demonstrate that carbon electrode passivated with PbI2 could reduce carrier recombination, resulting in improved the performance of perovskite solar cells. The QCM system is an important means to understand the interface structure of perovskite cells, providing important directions for future optimizing the device performance.

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