Publication date: 8th October 2020
Plants convert radiative energy from the sun into carbohydrates being the primary resource in our ecosystem. Recently, the use of organic electronic materials allowed interaction with plants in a new way: using the vascular system of the plant to form electrical circuits and devices targeting bio-hybrid devices. Firstly, a water-soluble conducting polymer, PEDOT-S has been uptaken by the xylem of a rose, forming self-organized conduting wires in the stem. As a next step a conjugated oligomer, ETE-S was developed with bigger versatility in distribution within the plant due to its small size. The ETE-S in-vivo polymerized within the living tissue forming a network of conducting wires from the stem to the flower. It is well known that plant has developed mechanisms for stability and defense that rely on the polymerization of compounds within the cell wall. One of the major actor in these processes is the peroxidase. This enzyme can proceed with two different catalytic cycles to reduce or increase the cell wall density. The increase of the cell wall density is achieved through the peroxidative cycle that uses peroxide to crosslink phenolic compounds on the cell wall creating a complex network of various polysaccharides such as lignin or extensin. In this work, we demonstrate the involvement of this peroxidative cycle in the polymerization of the ETE-S oligomer by reproducing the reaction in-vitro. We then follow the kinetics of the polymerization reaction while changing the enzyme or substrate concentrations to understand deeper the underlying mechanism. By understanding the mechanism of in-vivo polymerization we can rationally design materials for plant functionalization, and optimize targeted functionalization.
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