Publication date: 17th July 2025
Precise synthetic control over the doping polarity of colloidal nanocrystals offers a versatile platform to engineer their optoelectronic properties for efficient infrared (IR) photon harvesting. In this work, we present a synthesis-driven approach that enables switchable polarity by leveraging redox-active pnictogen precursors and carefully tuning surface reaction pathways. By controlling precursor oxidation states, ligand chemistry, and reaction kinetics, we achieve selective formation of stable n-type and p-type nanocrystals with tunable carrier densities and band alignments. This intrinsic polarity control is accomplished during synthesis without the need for additional post-treatments, providing a scalable and reproducible strategy for material fabrication. Building on this polarity modulation, we design advanced device architectures, including homojunction and barrier-type structures, that are specifically optimized to enhance charge separation, minimize recombination losses, and suppress dark current in IR photodetectors. The integration of synthetic polarity control with rational device structure engineering provides new opportunities to develop high-performance, solution-processed IR optoelectronic devices and contributes valuable design principles for next-generation nanocrystal-based technologies.