Publication date: 8th July 2026
Metal halide perovskites are highly promising emitters owing to their narrow and compositionally tunable photoluminescence, high absorption coefficients and defect-tolerant optoelectronic behaviour. However, achieving controlled crystallization together with long-term environmental stability remains a major challenge. Here, we report a vapour-assisted strategy for the in-situ formation of highly emissive metal halide perovskite nanocrystals embedded within hydrated metal-acetate matrices.
The nanocomposite films are fabricated from solution and activated through exposure to controlled water vapour or carboxylic-acid vapours. These vapours act as chemical triggers that regulate ion mobility, precursor dissolution–reprecipitation processes and local matrix coordination. This enables the conversion of low-dimensional, weakly emissive perovskite-related phases into confined three-dimensional perovskite nanocrystals with intense and spectrally narrow photoluminescence.
The acetate matrix plays a multifunctional role as a physical confining medium, ionic reservoir and chemical regulator of the crystallization process. By varying the perovskite composition, metal-acetate host and vapour chemistry, the emission can be tuned throughout the visible region. In particular, Ni(OAc)₂-based matrices enable the formation of strongly emissive CsPbBr₃, MAPbBr₃ and FAPbBr₃ nanocomposites. Longer-chain carboxylic-acid vapours further modify the local coordination environment and reduce water uptake, offering an effective route to improve the environmental robustness of the films.
This vapour-activated nanocomposite approach provides a low-temperature and scalable route to produce stable perovskite emitters without conventional ligand-engineering steps. The resulting materials are promising for down-conversion coatings, light-emitting diodes, displays, photonic devices and other emerging light-emitting technologies.
This publication is part of the project PID2023-151880OB-C32 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.
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