Publication date: 23rd October 2020
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent a promising photovoltaic technology that has a great potential to surpass crystalline silicon photovoltaics (PV). The main advantages of the perovskite solar cells are related to the simplicity of their fabrication, tunable optical properties, and low-cost of the active materials. Electrodes are essential components of perovskite solar cells. Typically, the top electrode is formed by a thin evaporated metal film, whereas carbon electrodes gained more popularity recently as a low-cost and environmentally friendly alternative. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs with carbon electrodes is still lagging behind the conventional solar cell architectures.
Highly conductive carbon films are normally deposited by blading a suspension of carbon particles and an organic polymer binder in some appropriate solvent directly on the perovskite absorber layer. Herein, we present a new approach to increase the PCE of PSCs by deposition of the carbon electrodes on a pre-passivated perovskite layer, followed by the passivation of the perovskite/electrode interface. The origin of the PCE improvement was attributed to the passivation of defects on the perovskite/carbon interface and improving electrical contact between the electrode and the active layer. After some optimization of the interfacial passivation, we obtained PCE of 8.2% in HTL-free n-i-p solar cell configuration, thus almost doubling the initial efficiency of the non-passivated devices.
To summarize, it is evident that the passivation of the perovskite/carbon interface can lead to a substantial improvement in the performance of PSCs with carbon top electrodes. The method presented in this work is especially attractive for large-area applications since the solar cells were produced using scalable electrode deposition techniques and without application of expensive vacuum deposition techniques or organic hole-transport materials.
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