Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
Here we study a set of solution-processable and transparent oxygen-barrier materials by utilizing the optical spectroscopic technique of phosphorimetry [1]. The triplet emitter (2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-porphyrinato) PtII(PtOEP) is used as an oxygen sensor of high sensitivity, owned to the long-lived lifetime of its first triplet excited state. The PtOEP sensor is dispersed in barrier materials of poly(norbornene), poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(styrene), and Zeonex. Optically transparent barrier:PtOEP blends films are deposited on quartz substrates by spin-coating. After the visible photoexcitation of the barrier:PtOEP films, the time-integrated and time-resolved phosphorescence PtOEP phosphorescence intensity is monitored at increasing oxygen partial pressures. A wide range of phosphorimetric characterization experiments is performed for single-layer and bilayer systems made by the particular barrier materials of different film thickness and different molecular weights. For each barrier system, the oxygen permeability coefficient (PO2) is deduced on the basis of a modified Stern−Volmer photokinetic quenching model that takes into account the fractional accessibility of the PtOEP excited triplet states to the permeant oxygen [2]. The extracted values of PO2 are in excellent agreement with the previous literature, confirming the validity of the modified Stern−Volmer model used [3]. Preliminary shelf lifetime stability studies of organic solar cell devices, encapsulated with some of the barrier materials of the study, corroborate the phosphorimetric results.
We demonstrate that our methodology is appropriate for determining oxygen permeability coefficient values as low as 39 x 10-16 cm3 (STP).cm.cm-2.s-1.Pa-1, similar to the values of packaging materials with high-performance oxygen-barrier properties such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). We will discuss on how the herein phosphorimetric technique can be widely applied in the study of oxygen-barrier materials for the protection of efficient but oxygen sensitive next-generation power-generating and optoelectronic circuits.
[1] Hess, S.; Becker, A.; Baluschev, S.; Yakutkin, V.; Wegner, G. A Comparative Study of Oxygen Permeabilities of Film-Forming Polymers by Quenching of Platinum Porphyrin Phosphorescence. Macromol Chem Physic 2007, 208, 2173-2188. [2] Jayarajah, C. N.; Yekta, A.; Manners, I.; Winnik, M. A. Oxygen Diffusion and Permeability in Alkylaminothionylphosphazene Films Intended for Phosphorescence Barometry Applications. Macromolecules 2000, 33, 5693-5701. [3] Aluicio-Sarduy, E.; Baidak, A.; Vougioukalakis, G. C.; Keivanidis, P. E. Phosphorimetric Characterization of Solution-Processed Polymeric Oxygen-Barriers for the Encapsulation of Organic Electronics. J Phys Chem C 2014, 118, 2361-2369.
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