Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
The idea of using p-DSCs as components in dye-sensitized tandem devices (pn-DSCs) has recently generated renewed interest in p-DSCs[1]. The most used dyes in n-DSCs are commonly red or violet, for this reason we developed green and NIR dyes as p-sensitizers with complementary optical absorption for NiO based p-DSCs. Among NIR sensitizers (such as phtalocyanine, porphyrin and cyanine) squaraines represent a very interesting class of dyes for their easy synthesis, and good photochemical stability.
Taking inspiration from literature,[2] charge-transfer properties were improved by introducing both strong electron donor (triarylamine) and strong electron-withdrawing (dicyanovinyl) moieties. Moreover, in order to maximize electron extraction from p-semiconductor NiO, four COOH groups, acting as anchoring groups, were inserted on tertiary amines. Microwave assisted synthesis[3] was used to carry out both chromogenic squaraine moiety and Buchwald-Hartwig reaction[4].
Absorption of squaraines on NiO electrodes was realized and the resulted dyed electrodes were characterized. Finally p-type DSCs were assembled and relative photovoltaic performances measured.
Structural variations of p-type NIR sensitizers
[1] Nattestad, A.; Mozer, A. J.; Fischer, M. K. R.; Cheng, Y. B.; Mishra, A.; Baeuerle, P.; Bach, U. Highly efficient photocathodes for dye-sensitized tandem solar cells. Nature Materials 2010, 9, 31‒35. [2] Chang, C. H.; Chen, Y. C.; Hsu, C. Y.; Chou, H. H.; Lin, J. T. Squaraine-Arylamine Sensitizers for Highly Efficient p Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Organic Letters 2012, 14, 4726‒4729. [3] Kappe, C. O. Controlled microwave heating in modern organic synthesis. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2004, 43, 6250‒6284. [4] Hartwig, J. F. Transition Metal Catalyzed Synthesis of Arylamines and Aryl Ethers from Aryl Halides and Triflates: Scope and Mechanism. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1998, 37, 2046‒2067.
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