Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
After our report of organo-metal-halide perovskite as photovoltaic material in 20091, there has been quick progress in efficiency of the perovskite-based cell up to 16% by improvement of solid-state material preparation. High performance of the cell is largely supported by high open-circuit voltage, 1.0-1.1V, in addition to strong light harvesting power of the organo-hybridised perovskite. High voltage is a sign of minimised thermal loss in the charge transfer across solid-solid hetero junctions which normally undergoes a barrier loss of >0.2 eV per junction. Further advancement of the perovskite photovoltaics will depend on how we can maximise the cell voltage along with expanding the spectral sensitivity to over 900 nm. In this report a cell preparation means will be introduced which can realise open-circuit voltage (Voc) exceeding 1.2V with spectral absorption of perovskite up to 800 nm or more2. Stable Voc and sufficiently high photocurrent density can be obtained by organization of crystalline hole transport material grown and oriented on the perovskite layer. We will also show optimal conditions for crystallisation and cell fabrication under ambient air that enables efficiency >11% (see figure), for cell structures using mesoporous Al2O3 and TiO2 and planar perovskite without porous scaffolds, in which Al2O3 proves to be advantageous for high Voc and stability against photocatalytic degradation of the perovskite.
Cell configuration capable of high Voc >1.2V is not limited to the perovskite absorber but was also realised by using organic dyes as molecular absorbers on TiO2. Here, hole transport material was selected to have a crystalline structure to permit high mobility of holes and to have photoelectric responsivity to contribute to voltage generation. Crystalline film of perylene is found to be an efficient hole conductor for this purpose. Using cyclopentadiene-titanium MLCT complex as visible light absorber on TiO2, a thin film solid-state cell with highly crystalline perylene was devised which generates1.21V with power efficiency >1.7% while the cell with low crystallinity perylene showed poor performance. The effect of crystalline structures of absorbers and hole conductor materials on the photoelectric properties of hybrid structured cell was investigated.
I-V photo and dark characteristics of CH3NH3PbI3-xClx perovskite cells with Al2O3 and TiO2 and without mesoporous scaffolds.
1. Kojima, A.; Teshima, K.; Shirai, S.; Miyasaka, T. Organo Metal Halide Perovskite as Visible-Light Sensitizer for Photovoltaic Cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 6050-6051. 2. Ishii, A.; Jena, A.; Miyasaka, T. submitted.
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