Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
Polymer solar cells (PSCs) are promising for flexible and large-scale photovoltaic devices at low cost.In the past few years, PSCs have been developed rapidly and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 8% has been achieved by using highly efficient donor and acceptor materials. Modification of the interface between the electrode and photoactive layer is another effective way to enhance the PCE of PSCs. The electrodes were typically modified by LiF,metal chelate,metal oxides,or conjugated polymers.Recently, For anodes, poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly( styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and metal oxides (e.g., MoO3) are typically used to improve the interface properties between the anode and photoactive layer. However, PEDOT: PSS can readily corrode the indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode because of its acidity.Moreover, two interfaces (i.e., energy barriers) are formed by inserting a buffer layer (e.g., PEDOT or oxide) between the anode and the active layer. Therefore the energy barrier at each interface needs to be overcome for charge transport.
To reduce the energy barrier between the SAL and the photoactive layer, we introduced a homogeneous SAL by using the sulphydryl-capped polymer of PBDTTT-CF as the SAL, for which the polymer was covalently bound to the anode containing a thin layer of gold on ITO, and the same PBDTTT-CF polymer was used as the photoactive donor of the solar cell. The surface potential of the SAL was altered to be more negative to close to the energy reduce the energy barrier between the photoactive layer and the SAL. Moreover, owing to the stronger interaction of covalent chemical bonding in comparison to the van der Waals forces between the SAL and the anode, the charge transport between them was enhanced. Therefore, the highest Voc, Jsc, and FF for the device were achieved by using the homogeneous SAL structure. The PCE of the device containing the homogeneous SAL reached 7.1%, which is 15% higher than that of the device with the PEDOT buffer layer. The covalently bound structure is also expected to improve the stability of PSCs by extending their lifetime. These results suggest that a homogeneous SAL can be used to enhance the efficiency of PSCs.
The SAL of PBDTTT-CF-SH on a Au layer (a). Energy levels of the materials used in the device (b). Structures of 3 devices (c).
[1] Kang H. ; Hong S. ; Lee J. ; Lee K., Electrostatically Self‐Assembled Nonconjugated Polyelectrolytes as an Ideal Interfacial Layer for Inverted Polymer Solar Cells, Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 3005. [2] Hsieh C.-H. ; Cheng Y.-J. ; Li P.-J. ; Chen C.-H. ; Dubosc M. ; Liang R.-M. ; Hsu C.-S., Highly Efficient and Stable Inverted Polymer Solar Cells Integrated with a Cross-Linked Fullerene Material as an Interlayer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 4887.
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