Comparative study of chlorinated and non-chlorinated additives on MAPbI3 perovskite solar cells with flat and inverted architecture.

Juan Manuel Bermudez-Garcia^a, Maria Antonia Señaris-Rodriguez^a, Manuel Sanchez-Andujar^a, Socorro Castro-Garcia^a, Henry J. Snaith^b, Jacob Tse-Wei Wang^b

^aUniversity of A Coruña, Science Building, Rua da Fraga, 10, A Coruña, 15008, Spain

^bUniversity of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks rd, Oxford, 0, United Kingdom

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics 2015 (HOPV15)

Roma, Italy, 2015 May 11th - 13th

Organizer: Filippo De Angelis

Poster, Juan Manuel Bermudez-Garcia, 422
Publication date: 5th February 2015

The role of different organic chlorinated and non-chlorinated additives to improve the efficiency of MAPbI₃ perovskite solar cells have been studied intensively over last two years, rising to promising results in terms of morphology and crystallinity control.^1–4The recent papers on Science about the enhancing of solar efficiency through a controlled crystal growth,^5,6make evident the requirement of a comprehensive crystallinity study of perovskite solar cells by means of different methods. In the present work, we focus on a comparative study of the effect of three different additives on the MAPbI₃ perovskite solar cells; namely ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl), methylammonium chloride (MACl)³and N‑cyclohexyl‑2-pyrrolidone (CHP).⁴Each one has been previously reported as additive for MAPbI₃ on inverted perovskite solar cells, displaying ultrasmooth films with an efficiency up to 10%. Herein, we compare these three additives on flat and inverted architectures in order to obtain improved devices performance, increasing the efficiency up to 14.1%. Studies of micromorphology, UV-vis spectrum absorption, time-resolved photoluminescence decay, and current density-voltage curve behaviour have been characterized on these devices with careful comparison. Moreover we report for the first time the effect of different ratios for mixed NH₄Cl:MACl additives, see figure 1, reaching an improvement on the crystal growth and therefore on the power conversion efficiency, independent from the chlorine concentration.
Figure 1-A. Surface SEM micrographs for MAPbI3 films with different ratios of NH4Cl : MACl additives. Figure 1-B. Current density-Voltage curve comparison of FTO/c‑TiO2/MAPbI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag solar devices without additives and with different ratios of NH4Cl : MACl additives.
(1) Liang, P.; Liao, C.; Chueh, C.; Zuo, F.; Williams, S. T.; Xin, X.; Lin, J.; Jen, A. K. Additive Enhanced Crystallization of Solution-Processed Perovskite for Highly Efficient Planar-Heterojunction Solar Cells. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 3748. (2) Chueh, C.; Liao, C.; Zuo, F.; Williams, S. T.; Liang, P.; Jen, A. K. The roles of alkyl halide additives in enhancing perovskite solar cell performance. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014. (3) Zuo, C.; Ding, L. An 80.11% FF record achieved for perovskite solar cells using the NH4Cl additive. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 9935. (4) Jeon, Y.; Lee, S.; Kang, R.; Kim, J.; Yeo, J.; Lee, S.; Kim, S.; Yun, J.; Kim, D. Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells with superior reproducibility. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 1. (5) Shi, D.; Adinolfi, V.; Comin, R.; Yuan, M.; Alarousu, E.; Buin, A.; Chen, Y.; Hoogland, S.; Rothenberger, A.; Katsiev, K.; Losovyj, Y.; Zhang, X.; Dowben, P. A.; Mohammed, O. F.; Sargent, E. H.; Bakr, O. M. Low trap-state density and long carrier diffusion in organolead trihalide perovskite single crystals. Science 2015, 347, 519. (6) Nie, W.; Tsai, H.; Asadpour, R.; Blancon, J.; Neukirch, A. J.; Gupta, G.; Crochet, J. J.; Chhowalla, M.; Tretiak, S.; Alam, M. A.; Wang, H.; Mohite, A. D. High-efficiency solution-processed perovskite solar cells with millimiter-scale grains. Science 2015, 347, 522.

nanoGe is a prestigious brand of successful science conferences that are developed along the year in different areas of the world since 2009. Our worldwide conferences cover cutting-edge materials topics like perovskite solar cells, photovoltaics, optoelectronics, solar fuel conversion, surface science, catalysis and two-dimensional materials, among many others.

MATSUS

Previously nanoGe Spring Meeting (NSM) and nanoGe Fall Meeting (NFM), MATSUS is a multiple symposia conference focused on a broad set of topics of advanced materials preparation, their fundamental properties, and their applications, in fields such as renewable energy, photovoltaics, lighting, semiconductor quantum dots, 2-D materials synthesis, charge carriers dynamics, microscopy and spectroscopy semiconductors fundamentals, etc.

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV) is celebrated yearly in May. The main topics are the development, function and modeling of materials and devices for hybrid and organic solar cells. The field is now dominated by perovskite solar cells but also other hybrid technologies, as organic solar cells, quantum dot solar cells, and dye-sensitized solar cells and their integration into devices for photoelectrochemical solar fuel production.

Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics

The main topics of the Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics (IPEROP) are discussed every year in Asia-Pacific for gathering the recent advances in the fields of material preparation, modeling and fabrication of perovskite and hybrid and organic materials. Photovoltaic devices are analyzed from fundamental physics and materials properties to a broad set of applications. The conference also covers the developments of perovskite optoelectronics, including light-emitting diodes, lasers, optical devices, nanophotonics, nonlinear optical properties, colloidal nanostructures, photophysics and light-matter coupling.

International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics

The International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics (NIPHO) is the best place to hear the latest developments in perovskite solar cells as well as on recent advances in the fields of perovskite light-emitting diodes, lasers, optical devices, nanophotonics, nonlinear optical properties, colloidal nanostructures, photophysics and light-matter coupling.