Recycling Perovskite Solar Cells to Avoid Lead Waste
Pablo Docampo a, Thomas Bein a, Yinghong Hu a, Niklas Huber a, Andreas Binek a, Michiel Petrus a, Helen Bristow a b
a Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, Butenandtstr. 11, Munich, Germany
b University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD
International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV16)
Swansea, United Kingdom, 2016 June 29th - July 1st
Organizers: James Durrant, Henry Snaith and David Worsley
Oral, Michiel Petrus, presentation 044
Publication date: 28th March 2016

Methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite based solar cells have recently emerged as a serious competitor for large scale and low-cost photovoltaic technologies. However, since these solar cells contain toxic lead, a sustainable procedure for handling the cells after their operational lifetime is required to prevent exposure of the environment to lead and to comply with international electronic waste disposal regulations. 

In this presentation we will demonstrate an environmentally responsible and cost-efficient recycling process for solar cells based on MAPbI3. Our results show that perovskite solar cells can be stripped down in a layer-by-layer approach, and that the collected materials can be reused without significant losses to device performance. In particular, we show that the toxic PbI2 can be recycled and, after recrystallization, can be employed to prepare highly efficient devices. With this approach, the risk of lead contaminating the environment can be decreased, while still retaining PbI2 as the starting material for the production of highly efficient solar cells. In addition, we were able to recycle the most expensive part of the solar cell, the FTO/glass substrates, several times without any loss of device performance. With our simple recycling procedure, we address both the risk of contamination and the waste disposal of perovskite based solar cells, while further reducing the cost of the system. This brings perovskite solar cells one step closer to their introduction into commercial systems.



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