Proceedings of 13th Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV21)
Publication date: 11th May 2021
The direct conversion of sunlight into chemical fuels like Hydrogen by Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting involves efficient oxidation and reduction half reactions at the electrodes. Since PEC electrodes combine light harvestation and catalysis processes into one unit, engineering each layer of these electrodes is essential to harness their complete capability. Inorganic Semiconductors (ISCs), while high performing and stable in most regards, fall short of Organic Semiconductors (OSCs) in many opto-electronic properties. In our lab, we have pioneered in PEC water splitting by combining OSCs which absorb light and split excitons and inorganic metal oxides nanoparticles, which catalyze the water oxidation or reduction reactions. While earlier attempts to split water were focused on using robust, stable, OSCs with ideal energy levels for water oxidation, the photoanode was restricted due to intrinsic limitations in charge separation and poor catalytic conversion to oxygen [1]. Subsequent research involved use of high performing Bulk Heterojunction structures (BHJs) to reduce water with RuOx inorganic metal oxide catalysts, and led to stable photocathodes without any protecting layers [2]. The current focus of research is to use low energy level donors and acceptors with metal oxide oxygen evolution catalysts to get stable, high performing photoanodes. We were successful in developing a robust OSC photoanode capable of tandem hydroiodic acid splitting with the previously developed OSC photocathode [3]. Additionally, initial attempts resulted in a BHJ photoanode oxidizing water, albeit temporarily. This presentation aims to summarize our work, the challenges overcome, and the major roadblocks to realize an all OSC based tandem PEC water splitting cell.