The Effects of Antisolvents for the Growth of 2D/3D Sn Perovskite Solar Cell

Ganghong Min^a, Meihuizi Jiang^a, Robert Westbrook^a, Ang Li^a, Thomas Webb^b, Thomas Macdonald^a, Saif Haque^a

^aDepartment of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK

^bAdvanced Technology Institute, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV22)

València, Spain, 2022 May 19th - 25th

Organizers: Pablo Docampo, Eva Unger and Elizabeth Gibson

Poster, Ganghong Min, 204
Publication date: 20th April 2022

Hybrid tin (Sn) perovskite has shown the highest performances with the record of 14.8% in 2021 [1], being the most promising alternative materials for Lead based perovskite. However, the huge open circuit voltage (V_oc) loss owing to high density of defects and poor stability limited the performances of Sn perovskite solar cells. Incorporating large cations, such as PEA, to form low dimensional perovskite is able to overcome both of these.

Herein, we studied the effects of different antisolvents on PEA_0.2FA_0.8SnI₃ perovskite films for solar cells. diisopropyl ether (DIE), diethyl ether (DE), toluene and chlorobenzene (CB) are applied as antisolvent during the film fabrication. Among these antisolvents the perovskite film treated by DIE revealed the highest crystallinity, achieving a PCE of 10.2%. From the spectroscopy, we found that the origin of the improvement of PCE is from the better distribution of 2D phase inside the film, which can play a role of passivation effects to increase the open circuit voltage in device performances. Besides, the higher amount of the 2D phase can also enhance the stability of Sn perovskite.

This work not only provide the understanding of antisolvent process on perovskite film fabrication but also emphasize the importance of the 2D phase in 2D/3D Sn perovskite.

References:

[1] Jiang, X.; Li, H.; Zhou, Q.; Wei, Q.; Wei, M.; Jiang, L.; Wang, Z.; Peng, Z.; Wang, F.; Zang, Z.; Xu, K.; Hou, Y.; Teale, S.; Zhou, W.; Si, R.; Gao, X.; Sargent, E. H.; Ning, Z. One-Step Synthesis of SnI2·(DMSO)x Adducts for High-Performance Tin Perovskite Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2021, 143, 10970-10976.

[2] Wang, L.; Wang, X.; Deng, L.-L.; Leng, S.; Guo, X.; Tan, C.-H.; Choy, W. C. H.; Chen, C.-C. The mechanism of universal green antisolvents for intermediate phase controlled high-efficiency formamidinium-based perovskite solar cells. Materials Horizons 2020, 7, 934-942.

[3] Lanzetta, L.; Webb, T.; Zibouche, N.; Liang, X.; Ding, D.; Min, G.; Westbrook, R. J. E.; Gaggio, B.; Macdonald, T. J.; Islam, M. S.; Haque, S. A. Degradation mechanism of hybrid tin-based perovskite solar cells and the critical role of tin (IV) iodide. Nat Commun 2021, 12, 2853

Acknowledgements:

We would like to thank the financial support from EPSRC (grants EP/R020574/1 and EP/R023581/1) and the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 for their financial support through a Research Fellowship.

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