Investigating electron and ion dynamics of lead halide perovskite single crystals via time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
Birgit Kammlander a, Alberto García-Fernandez b, Håkan Rensmo a, Ute B. Cappel a
a Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
b Department of Chemistry, Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
Oral, Birgit Kammlander, presentation 021
Publication date: 6th February 2024

Lead halide perovskite solar cells have shown promising efficiencies; however, their large-scale implementation has been hindered by their instability towards environmental impacts such as moisture or light, next to other challenges such as large-scale fabrication. To further develop lead halide perovskite solar cells, in depth understanding of the intrinsic properties of these absorber materials is necessary. This includes a need to understand the intrinsic electron and ion dynamics under light. So far, most studies on behavior under light exposure focused on perovskite thin films, and largely on the degradation under light. However, slight differences in the preparation of the thin films lead to different grain sizes, which affects the thin film’s properties. Studying single crystals instead of thin films excludes these variations and allows to study the intrinsic properties of different compositions.1 Furthermore, especially the surface and interfaces of the material interact with the environment and possible other device layers. Using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), the electronic structure and chemical composition of surfaces can be investigated.

Here I will present the laser light-induced electron and ion dynamics of different, clean lead halide perovskite single crystal surfaces, while avoiding X-ray induced changes in the samples. Furthermore, to ensure comparability within the solar cell community, the laser power was set to the equivalent of 1 sun. By using PES for characterizing these crystal surfaces, we were able to follow both compositional and electronic changes and we found distinct behaviors for the different crystal compositions, which give insight into how ion and electron movement are impacted by the perovskite composition.

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