Publication date: 11th March 2026
Recombination losses continue to hinder the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A key strategy to address this issue involves developing efficient electron transport layers (ETLs) that enhance charge extraction and reduce energy loss. In this work, manganese selenide (MnSe) is proposed as a new ETL material positioned between titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI₃). Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms that MnSe possesses a cubic crystal structure. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy reveals that MnSe has a bandgap of 2.06 eV, which lies between the bandgaps of TiO₂ and MAPbI₃, indicating favorable conduction band alignment for efficient electron transport. Raman spectroscopy validates the structural purity and stability of both MnSe and the perovskite layer. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements indicate reduced non-radiative recombination, signifying enhanced charge transfer. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) shows an increased recombination resistance (Rrec) of 3791 Ω in devices incorporating MnSe, demonstrating lower charge loss compared to those without it. Current density–voltage (J–V) characterization reveals a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.63% and a fill factor (FF) of 0.802 in the MnSe-based PSC. These findings position MnSe as a promising ETL material, with future efforts aimed at scaling up its application in PSC fabrication.
The authors are thankful to the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at University of Bisha for supporting this work through the Fast-Track Research Support Program.
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