Perovskite and Organic Semiconductors for Vivid, Wearable, and Intelligent Displays

Tae-woo Lee^a^,^b^,^c^,^d

^aDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

^bInstitute of Engineering Research, Soft Foundry, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

^cSN Display Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea.

^dInterdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

Proceedings of Hybrid and Perovskite materials for energy, lighting, sensing and computing (HYPE26)

Athens, Greece, 2026 June 22nd - 24th

Organizers: Maria Vasilopoulou and Thomas Stergiopoulos

Keynote, Tae-woo Lee, presentation 024
Publication date: 15th May 2026

The future of visual interfaces is evolving into immersive, form-factor-free, and hyper-realistic experiences that transcend traditional screen boundaries. This presentation highlights breakthroughs in advancing next-generation optoelectronics through the strategic design of functional materials for high-performance optoelectronics, and next-generation wearable intelligence.

First, we address the critical challenge of stability and efficiency in colloidal perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs). We introduce a rationally designed hierarchical shell (HS) architecture consisting of interbonded PbSO₄-SiO₂-polymer layers.^[1] This lattice-interface interlocking mechanism effectively restricts lattice expansion and passivates reactive surfaces, achieving near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY).^[1] This architecture delivers an unprecedented external quantum yield of 91.4%, and snrues commercially viable operational stability, such as T₉₀ > 3,000 hours at 60°C/90% RH and T₉₀ > 20,000 hours under blue light, while fundamentally preventing lead leakage.^[1]

Furthermore, we overcome industrial scalability hurdles through a pseudo-emulsion-based cold-injection synthesis.^[2] By leveraging cold temperatures (< 4 °C) to control the assembly of polybromide plumbates, we suppress defect formation and enable massive production up to a 20-liter scale while maintaining high PLQY.^[2] The resulting PeNCs have been successfully integrated into high-efficiency perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) achieving an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 29.6%, nearing the theoretical maximum.^[2]

Moving beyond static performance, we extend these capabilities into deformable electronics. We present fully stretchable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).^[3] By integrating MXene-contact stretchable electrodes (MCSEs) with an intrinsically stretchable exciplex-assisted phosphorescent layer, we achieved a record-high EQE of 17.0% in fully stretchable configurations.^[3] These devices demonstrate negligible luminescence degradation even under 60% strain, providing a foundation for future on-skin displays.^[3]

References:

[1] Zeng, Q.; Zhao, Y.; Park, S.; Zhou, H.; Shim, H-J.; Li, T.; Ryu, J.; Sung, M-J.; Chua, X.W.; Yoon, E.; Lewis, B.A.I.; Woo, S-J.; Forzatti, M.; Kim, M.J.; Kim, E.A.; Dai, L.; Jang, J.; Tang, Y.; Kweon, J.J.; Chen, H.; Jang, K.Y.; Kim, D-H.; Jeong, W.J.; Kim, J.S.; Lee, H.; Lim, K.; Cho, S.-Y.; Park, C.B.; Lee, S.K.; Kim, M.; Bolink, H.J.; Hu, B.; Walsh, A.; Stranks, S.D.; Lee, T-W. A hierarchical shell locks and stabilizes perovskite nanocrystals with near-unity quantum yield. Science 2026, 391, eady1370

[2] Kim, S.; Kim, S.-A.; Park, G.-S.; Kim, E.; Kim, D.-H.; Lee, S.-C.; Woo, S.-J.; Jang, Y.; Kweon, J.J.; Kang, S.; Lee, M.; Yun, H.J.; Park, S.; Shim, H.-J.; Kim, J.S.; Jang, K.Y.; Sung, M-J.; Park, C.-Y.; Chang, S.E.;, Park, J.; Park, J.; Lee, S.K.; Lee, T.-W. Cold-injection synthesis of highly emissive perovskite nanocrystals. Nature 2026, 651, 83

[3] Zhou, H., Kim, H.-Y., Han, S.J., Zhang, D., Jeong, W.J., Yu, H., Tsuchiya, Y., Hu, B., Huh, J., Zhang. T., Cho, S., Kim, J.S., Kim, D.-H., Yun, H.J., Park, J., Jang, K.Y., Yoon, E., Harit, A.K., Sung, M.-J., Ahn, S., Chen, H., Zeng, Q., Park, C.-Y., Kim, K.-N., Ayuningtias, L., Yang, H., Kim, J.C., Kim, Y.-H, Woo, H.Y., Adachi, C., Gogotsi, Y., Lee, T.-W. Exciplex-enabled high-efficiency, fully stretchable OLEDs. Nature 2026, 649, 604

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