Publication date: 8th January 2019
Addition of inorganic cations in hybrid perovskites has captured the tremendous attention to improve the performance and stability in solar cell devices. In spite of intensive work on the electrical properties, the in-depth understanding and correlation with recombination dynamics and device performance are still lacking. In this work, the influences of widely used inorganic cations (Cs+/Rb+) on the recombination dynamics in MAFA (MA, methylammonium, and FA, formamidinium) perovskite system are evaluated using the photoluminescence techniques and established a relationship with the photovoltaic properties. Cs+ integrates with MAFA perovskite efficiently and leads to the larger grain size, suppressed defects density and improved charge carrier lifetime in thin film to enhance the power conversion efficiency. Whereas, the lack of incorporation of Rb+ with MAFA shows the higher defects density with the elevated trap-assisted recombination thin films. The concomitant presence of Rb+ with Cs+, delay the non-emissive recombination by reducing the defects significantly in RbCsMAFA perovskite system compared to MAFA. Longer charge carrier lifetime and a more balanced diffusion length in RbCsMAFA perovskite leads the solar cells PCEs over 19% with comparable PLQY. This work highlights the advantages of the concomitant incorporation of Rb+/Cs+ to suppress the defects and charge carrier recombination for efficient solar cell devices while solitary integration of Rb+ with MAFA is still remains an engineering challenge.
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