Proceedings of Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics (IPEROP23)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.iperop.2023.015
Publication date: 21st November 2022
The Effect of Phenylethylammonium Halides Additives for Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells
Fatemeh Zargar1, Derese Desta1, Momo Safari1, An Hardy1, Julia Zillner2, Erik Ahlswede2, Koen Vandewal1, Melissa Van Landeghem1, Philip Schulz3, Javid Hajhemati3, Hans-Gerd Boyen1
1 Hasselt University, Institute for Material Research (IMO), Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
2 Center for Solar energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg Meitnerstraße 1, 70563 Stuttgart, Germany
3 IPVF, Institut Photovoltaïque d'Ile-de-France, Palaiseau, France
Abstract
Tin-based perovskites solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much interest as a promising alternative to traditional PSCs, which usually contain toxic lead. Nevertheless, the fast reaction of Sn2+ with moisture to form Sn4+ leads to a significant loss of open circuit voltage (Voc) in the device. Another critical challenge, which causes low photovoltaic performance of Sn-based PSCs, is uncontrolled and rapid crystallization. Among various approaches suggested to overcome oxidation and non-uniform morphology of Sn-based PSCs, additive engineering is the most effective. Adding bulky organic cations such as phenylethylammonium (PEA) to form two-dimensional (2D) perovskite phases not only helps to improve the stability of Sn-based PSCs against oxygen because of their hydrophobic nature but also induces better crystallinity and well-defined orientation, which results in suppressing tin oxidation and reducing the number of tin vacancies[1]. Although many researchers have demonstrated the positive effect of PEA on the performance of Sn-based PSCs, the knowledge about the underlying cause is still largely unknown.
In this work, we incorporated PEA into perovskite precursor solutions to fabricate PEAxFA1-xSnI3 and PEAxFA1-xSnI3-xBrx -based perovskite solar cells. Perovskite films were fabricated with a solvent engineering approach using an antisolvent. Inverted planar PSCs show a champion conversion efficiency of 9.09 %, along with enhancements in open circuit voltage, short circuit current ISC, and fill factor FF. The introduction of Br not only improves the orientation and the crystallinity of the perovskite films but also increases Voc and the band gap of the absorber material.
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