Publication date: 21st July 2025
The thermal decomposition of formamidinium iodide (FAI) during vacuum deposition poses a major challenge in the fabrication of high-quality perovskite thin films. In this study, we present a strategy to suppress FAI decomposition by incorporating a minor additive during precursor preparation. The additive modulates the chemical environment, effectively suppressing the formation of volatile decomposition byproducts during deposition, and thereby stabilizes the working pressure during the process. In addition, this approach enabled the formation of wide-bandgap perovskite films with high crystallinity. As a result, single-junction devices based on 1.68 eV bandgap perovskites achieved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.5%, while silicon/perovskite tandem devices exhibited efficiencies of approximately 30%. Our findings provide a practical method for mitigating the thermal instability of organic halide precursors during vacuum deposition. This strategy is expected to advance the advancement of high-efficiency perovskite solar cell technologies using vacuum deposition and facilitate their further commercialization.
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