Publication date: 21st July 2025
Li-ion batteries are presently the technology of choice to power electric vehicles and portable electronic devices. This great success is also the result of the development of high-performance liquid organic electrolytes providing a high ionic conductivity and wide electrochemical stability. When targeting a further improved safety, however, solid-state electrolytes are anticipated to provide significant advantages owing to their commonly higher thermal stability and reduced flammability in combination with an inhibited leakage issue – especially when transitioning from classic graphite-based anodes to high-capacity alternatives such as silicon or lithium metal. Nonetheless, all solid electrolyte systems come with their own challenges, which are, though, frequently complementary. Thus, there is a tremendous interest in smartly combining different electrolyte classes to finally achieve a real breakthrough towards safer high-energy and high-performance lithium batteries.
Herein, several different composite (frequently referred to as “hybrid”) electrolyte systems will be presented, starting from the reasoning for the given design and selection of components, highlighting the potential and eventual benefits and remaining challenges, and finally discussing some very recent in-depth insights into the charge transfer across the different phase boundaries, which are essential for the meaningful design of such multiphase systems.