Publication date: 21st July 2025
Perovskite oxides have already demonstrated their exceptional capabilities in energy conversion applications. [1-2] In particular, the exsolution of metallic nanoparticles by employing the perovskite as a conductive matrix has broadened even more the potential of those materials as potential catalysts for large-scale operations. [3,4]
Although, these catalysts exhibit high catalytic performance, they typically utilize noble metals such as Pt, Ir, Pd etc., as catalytic active sites. This reliance on noble metals usage increases manufacturing costs and limits their industrial applicability.
Here, we present a novel synthetic perspective on devising high-performance exsolution catalysts without the presence of noble metals. Specifically, the surface engineering of the exsolution nanoparticles can provide a plethora of new catalytic active species such as phosphides, sulfides etc., that can enhance the catalytic performance and simultaneously provide low cost and high chemical stability.
In this work, we investigated the impact of the surface modification of exsolved Co nanoparticles as potential electrocatalysts for hydrogen (HER) and oxygen (OER) evolution reactions. The results suggest, that the surface engineering of the metal-based electrocatalysts is crucial enhance the electrocatalytic activity further. In particular, the modified catalyst exhibited a remarkable performance towards electrocatalytic water splitting, yielding overpotentials (η10) of 280 mV and 390 mV for HER and OER, respectively. Additionally, the mass activity of the modified catalysts has increased by ⁓ x10 factor in regards to the unmodified materials. Also, the stability of catalysts was investigated and the results indicate that they exhibit exceptional stability at 10 mA cm-2 for at least 3 days. All the catalysts were characterized by various physicochemical and electrochemical techniques unveiling the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties. These findings demonstrate that the rational synthetic engineering of the surface of the exsolved nanoparticles can provide noble-free catalysts that exhibit high electrocatalytic performance and low cost that have the potential to replace the usage of noble metals.
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