Publication date: 17th July 2025
Perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell are highly promising candidates for the industrialization of perovskite based solar cells. We employ several evaporation techniques such as co-evaporation, sequential evaporation, and the hybrid route to fabricate the uniform perovskite films needed for such tandem devices. Each of these approaches has its own challenges and opportunities. In this talk I will share the progress we have made to gain understanding of the mechanisms, crystallization behavior, and the influencing factors that govern the evaporation process. We were able to use these perovskite films in tandem solar cells reaching efficiencies above 31% on 1 cm² cells. Nevertheless it is not fully clear which evaporation approach is best suited for the scaling of perovskite-silicon tandems. Full evaporation approaches like co-evaporation or sequential evaporation have the advantage of having all steps in the same atmosphere, whereas hybrid evaporation / wet-chemical approaches avoid the challenging evaporation of organic halides but introduce additional complexity in the wet-chemical 2nd step. In this talk I will compare what we have so far learned about all three approaches and will highlight key gaps to be addressed in the future.