Publication date: 21st July 2025
Tin-lead perovskite solar cells have emerged as an alternative to pure lead analogues, reducing the toxicity and allowing for ideal bandgaps (~1.3 eV). The optimization of the interface between the perovskite and the charge carrier-selective layer plays a pivotal role in improving the device performance and stability, the main bottlenecks towards commercialization. In this regard, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have gained popularity as hole-selective layers to adjust the band energy alignment. In our research group, we have demonstrated that tin-lead perovskite solar cells with carbazole-based SAMs exhibit higher power conversion efficiencies (PCE) than those with commonly used PEDOT:PSS [1]. However, the stability of SAMs remains a debate in the research field. Herein, we investigate the role of the halogen atom of the SAMs into the device life-shelf stability and photostability by employing different halogenated SAMs. In particular, we show that Cs0.25FA0.75Pb0.5Sn0.5I3 solar cells with iodide-2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid (I-2-PACz) retain ~90% of the initial PCE after 7944 hours of storage in nitrogen atmosphere and without encapsulation. This outstanding life-shelf stability is attributed to defect passivation at the buried perovskite interface related to the halogen atom.
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