Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2025 Conference (MATSUSSpring25)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusspring.2025.377
Publication date: 16th December 2024
Despite the potential of tin-based perovskites (Sn-PVKs), these materials face challenges such as defect formation and Sn²⁺ oxidation or non-uniform film formation, which limit their performance and stability when applied to optoelectronic devices. The integration of crystallization control and dimensionality modulation emerge as essential strategies to enhance the stability and performance in both material and devices. Here we present recent advancements in addressing Sn-PVKs’ challenges through these strategies, including the use of thiophene-2-ethylammonium halides (TEAX, where X = I, Br, Cl). The control on the synthetic conditions enables the dimensionality modulation of Sn-PVK microcrystals. In particular, using TEA+ as an organic cation, the formation of 2D-TEA₂SnBr₄ and highly luminescent 0D-TEA₄SnBr₆ microstructures was achieved, showcasing tailored optical properties for optoelectronic applications [1]. In parallel, the use of TEAX as an additive enhances FASnI₃ crystallization, suppresses Sn²⁺ oxidation, and boosts solar cell power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 6.6% to 12%. These additives also improve operational stability, with solar cells retaining over 95% of their initial PCE after 2000 hours of continuous operation under simulated sunlight [2]. The mechanisms of the unique FASnI₃-TEAX solar cells enhanced stability under ambient conditions will be highlighted. This includes insights into environmental factors such as humidity, applied voltage, and illumination, which influence the reversible decay and recovery of device performance. Our analysis provides a comprehensive approach to unlocking the full potential of Sn-based perovskites in next-generation photovoltaics.
The work was partially funded by MCIN/ AEI through project TED2021-131600B-C32, by Generalitat Valenciana via Pla Gent-T (grant CIDEXG/2022/34). This publication is part of the grant CNS2023-144270 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR.
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