Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2025 Conference (MATSUSSpring25)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsusspring.2025.387
Publication date: 16th December 2024
Na-ion battery technology, developed as a cost-efficient and sustainable alternative to the widely deployed Li-ion batteries (LIBs), has experienced unprecedented growth over the past years. Such rapid development greatly benefited from the earlier advancements in materials chemistry for LIBs, and, therefore, the general understanding of materials could be easily adopted by Na-ion chemistry. However, the use of conventional anode materials from LIBs is challenging, as the most common examples from LIBs (graphite and silicon) do not perform well in Na-ion batteries (NIBs). For that reason, hard carbon was adopted as state-of-the-art and the most common anode material for NIBs. Further improvement of Na storage capacity of anodes required alternative materials, such as alloying materials; however, their cycling stability represents a major drawback for their efficient implementation in NIBs.
The materials operating under conversion/alloying mechanism (where the alloying reaction is triggered by the conversion occurring during the first sodiation) represent a promising class of materials, which can deliver high Na storage capacities without sacrifice of cycling stability. However, the complexity of their operating mechanism(s) severely impedes their development. This presentation will be focused on development and implementation of operando methodologies for characterization of the operation mechanism of these materials and correlating the mechanisms with the electrochemical performances. The challenges associated with the design and characterization of these anode materials will be highlighted.
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