Publication date: 15th December 2025
Research is required to fully exploit printed electronics capabilities to reach more sustainable electronic and sensing systems, targeting a higher level of circularity. Additive manufacturing of eco-friendly and renewable materials is a promising approach for the development of greener electronic systems by enabling, after service life, their ecoresorbability and/or recyclability. However, this represents important scientific and technical challenges in comparison to the established technologies. The transient materials used do not match always the properties of the standard electronic materials. They are inherently reactive to the environment which can cause some issues in terms of printability and stability over time. They might require proper encapsulation, but transient materials with good barrier properties and easy processing are missing. These different factors have led so far and in general to less performing electronic devices, better suited for short life applications.
Our original approach relies on the embedding degradable metallic traces within bio-sourced substrates and dielectrics using additive manufacturing (AM) processes to generate more sustainable smart labels. We will show some examples of fully printed wireless, chipless, and RFID tags made of compostable biopolymers and recyclable paper substrates. The conductors and antennas of these systems are made from printed zinc films sintered using an original hybrid approach (i.e. patent pending). These tags embed different types of transient sensors for environmental and biochemical monitoring. An encapsulation strategy based on natural waxes has been developed to protect the transient metallisation.
Finally, we will communicate on the learnings gained from the industry and the market in framework of our startup company initiated based on this technology. We will highlighting the different challenges to meet the practical application requirements and be competitive against the established technologies. We will also address the end of life problematic in relation to regulations and the waste streams’ infrastructures.
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