Publication date: 15th December 2025
The increasing number of indoor appliances used daily has greatly accelerated the advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. As a result, the rapid expansion of IoT presents a significant challenge for powering these devices. Currently, most are battery-powered, which imposes limitations such as frequent replacements, maintenance issues, and environmental concerns due to toxicity..
In this context, organic photovoltaics (OPVs) offer a promising alternative because of their energy-efficient production, lower environmental impact, and design flexibility. Notably, OPV devices have demonstrated high efficiency and excellent stability under indoor lighting conditions.
Consequently, indoor organic photovoltaics have emerged as a key candidate for powering low-consumption IoT devices across various fields such as electronics and sensing. It is therefore important to develop custom-designed photovoltaic devices to facilitate seamless integration into final products.
Inkjet printing has attracted considerable attention as a technology for large-scale fabrication of flexible and stretchable electronics due to its many advantages. It provides freedom in form and design on various substrates with good reliability, high time efficiency, low manufacturing cost, and reduced material usage compared to other deposition techniques.
These unique features have made inkjet printing an enabling technology for cost-effective production, drawing researchers’ interest in functional devices such as photovoltaic solar cells.
Nonetheless, several challenges remain, including ensuring ink stability to prevent nozzle clogging, controlling wetting properties, and matching ink viscosity and surface tension with printhead requirements.
In this work, we present fully inkjet-printed organic photovoltaic cells and modules with high efficiency, tailored for indoor applications, offering versatile shapes and designs, developed by Dracula Technologies.
