Publication date: 15th December 2025
When studying the stability of electrocatalysts, scientists often focus primarily on surface evolution, as surface reactions are directly linked to catalytic activity. However, electrocatalytic processes can also induce profound transformations within the bulk of the material, altering its electronic structure, mechanical integrity, and overall stability.
In my talk, I will discuss bulk transformations in electrocatalysts caused by intercalation reactions under oxidative conditions and during oxygen evolution reaction (OER). I will demonstrate how the intercalation of ions can trigger volumetric expansion, chemo-mechanical coupling, anion redox activity, and ultimately lattice instability in oxide and hydroxide systems. To capture the nanoscale evolution of these materials, we combined advanced characterization techniques such as resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS), operando scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, electron microscopy (S/TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and used single-crystalline materials and model electrocatalysts. Our findings highlight the crucial role of ion insertion and de-insertion dynamics in governing the stability and performance of electrocatalysts.
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