Publication date: 15th December 2025
Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) require electrolytes that unite high ionic conductivity and mechanical compliance with intrinsic biocompatibility and sustainability, a combination difficult to achieve by conventional aqueous liquids, ionic liquids, or synthetic hydrogels. Here we demonstrate that a natural Aloe vera gel can serve as a single-component quasi-solid electrolyte for high performance OECTs, leveraging its native minerals (Ca²⁺, K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺ ions) and high-water content. Rheological tests confirm a soft, viscoelastic gel network, and electrical measurements reveal an ionic conductivity of ~6.1 mS/cm with interfacial capacitance of ~58.5 µF/cm². In OECT devices, the aloe electrolyte yields high-performance transistors: peak transconductance of ~11 mS and ON-current of ~6.5 mA, comparable to conventional phosphate buffered saline (PBS) gating. Transient analysis confirmed rapid switching kinetics, with high stability demonstrated by >96% drain current retention after 100 cycles. These results establish natural aloe vera gel as a unique, non-diffusion-limited, inherently biocompatible and biodegradable gating medium, overturning expectations of slow solid-state performance and charting a path toward truly sustainable ("green") bioelectronic systems.
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