Stabilizing the Cathode-Electrolyte Interface in Next Generation Batteries by Surface Engineering
Matthias T. Elm a
a Institute of Experimental Physics I, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Proceedings of MATSUS Spring 2026 Conference (MATSUSSpring26)
F5 Lithium Batteries and Beyond: From Fundamentals to Materials Discovery
Barcelona, Spain, 2026 March 23rd - 27th
Organizers: Chia-Chin Chen and Gints Kucinskis
Invited Speaker, Matthias T. Elm, presentation 038
Publication date: 15th December 2025

Owing to their high energy density and relatively low costs, Ni-rich Li[NixCoyMn1–x–y]O2 (NCM) based cathode active materials are of high interest for conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as well as for next-generation all-solid state batteries (ASSB). However, the active materials suffers from parasitic side reactions mainly occurring at the interface with the liquid or solid electrolyte, which results in capacity fading and impedance rise and, thus, hinders large-scale application. One feasible approach to tackle this issue are surface coatings, which can stabilize the interface as they prevent direct contact between electrolyte and cathode active material.

The presentation will provide examples of how thin surface coatings can enhance the performance of NCM-based cathodes in both lithium-ion and all-solid-state batteries, and how the structural properties of these coatings influence their functionality.[1-3] It will be shown that the design of efficient coatings involves certain requirements: while the coating must inhibit direct contact between the active material and the electrolyte to suppress surface degradation, it must simultaneously provide sufficient ionic conductivity to facilitate ion transport across the interphase. In addition, it will be demonstrated that thin-film model systems offer valuable insights into the fundamental mechanisms governing coating functionality.[4,5]

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