Publication date: 15th December 2025
Here, we explore the morphology and exciton/charge carrier dynamics in bulk heterojunctions (BHJs) comprising various donor polymers and molecular acceptors. We analyze the influence of polymer-nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) blend composition on morphology, energetics, charge carrier recombination kinetics, and photocurrent properties. Transient absorption spectroscopy highlights the significance of an energetic cascade between mixed and pure phases in electron–hole dynamics to effectively separate spatially localized electron–hole pairs. Our findings suggest a correlation between the increase in NFA electron affinity in pure phases compared to mixed phases and a transition from a relatively planar backbone structure of NFA in pure, aggregated phases to a more twisted structure in molecularly mixed phases. Subsequently, we investigate charge carrier dynamics in organic photocatalytic nanoparticles designed for hydrogen evolution. Specifically, we explore the mechanism behind the dependence of photocatalytic activity on Pd content for a linear polymer. Our focus extends to the impact of Pd on the excited state of the polymer and the accumulation of long-lived charges during catalysis. Finally, we introduce a novel concept involving organic nanoparticles for visible light absorption and efficient charge separation.
