Publication date: 15th December 2025
Perovskites are a remarkably versatile class of semiconducting materials, of composition ABX3. The material class features a wide variety of compositions that exhibit outstanding optoelectronic or ferroelectric properties. However, they often involve toxic metal ions, limiting their usability due to environmental and safety concerns. Recently, completely metal free perovskites have gathered attention. Rather than a metal, the B-site of the perovskite is taken by ammonium (NH4+), and the A-site by an organic divalent ion. Certain compositions of these materials have been shown to have ferroelectric properties, while their opto-electronic properties are still under investigation. Although metal free perovskites are much more environmentally friendly than their metal-containing counterparts, a new challenge arises: the precursors are not as easily soluble, making the synthesis more difficult.
In this talk, we present a facile mechanosynthesis of DABCONH4X3 (X = Cl, Br, I). Due to the nature of mechanosynthesis, the process is easily scalable and solvent free, avoiding solubility issues, and results in a phase-pure perovskite powder. The properties and quality of the powder is thoroughly analyzed using a wide variety of crystallographic and optical characterization techniques. Our findings highlight the potential of mechanochemistry to overcome the synthesis challenges of metal free perovskites, paving the way for their future application in sustainable (optoelectronic) devices.
The simplicity of this synthesis process and ability to tune the material via impact energy and composition significantly broadens the range of potential applications for these metal free halide perovskites.
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