Publication date: 15th December 2025
Perovskite luminescent materials have been extensively investigated owing to their strong excitonic effects, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and simple processability. Among them, structures integrating organic and inorganic components, such as conventional Ruddlesden-Popper layered perovskites, offer a degree of structural versatility that is difficult to achieve in other classes of luminescent materials. This tunability arises largely from the crucial role of the organic molecules, which act as an effective channel for modifying the crystallographic framework and, consequently, enabling emission tunability. Through appropriate ligand selection, it becomes possible to control emission bandwidth, color purity, and even promote the emergence of broadband or white-light photoluminescence. In this work, we investigate a family of organic cations by systematically varying the alkyl-chain length and the number of aromatic rings, using a straightforward room-temperature synthesis to evaluate their influence on the optoelectronic properties of the resulting structures. Our results reveal a clear morphological switch from typical platelet-like crystals to elongated microstructures as the alkyl chain supporting the aromatic ring increases in length. This morphological evolution is reflected in the emission behavior of the samples, with a transition from narrow blue to broadband white light, and quantum yields reaching up to 10% in perovskite-related structures that exhibit terraces or grooved surfaces. The interplay between organic cation bulk and packing constraints emerges as key parameters leading to the observed structural and optical changes. Our findings, therefore, provide valuable guidelines for identifying molecular descriptors in organic cations that can disrupt the conventional layered architecture and enable white light emission across distinct crystalline morphologies.
M.P.A. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council through the ERC Consolidator Grant EVA (grant agreement no. 101124411). The authors thank the following facilities at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia for their technical support: Material Characterization, Electron Microscopy, and the Chemistry Facility
