Publication date: 15th December 2025
Randomly assembled materials composed of nanoparticles or nanowires exhibit remarkable functional properties that can be leveraged to mimic brain-like data processing. This capability stems from the inherent memristive character and the intricate wiring of the junctions connecting the building blocks within the nanostructured network.
Specifically, nanostructured cluster-assembled metallic films, such as those fabricated by assembling gas-phase produced platinum clusters, demonstrate nonlinear conduction properties. These arise from the extremely high density of grain boundaries and the resulting complex arrangement of nanojunctions which result in a current response to applied voltage ramps that reveals the presence of negative differential resistance.
Crucially, different stable values of electrical resistance can be accessed and reversibly set using unipolar voltage pulses. This process enables a long-term memory effect due to the stability of these distinct resistive levels over time. Such traits have allowed the integration of these nanostructured films with conventional electronic components in programmable analog circuits, including devices like gain amplifiers and relaxation oscillators. Exploiting the unique properties inherent in these platinum cluster-assembled films, a novel class of neuromorphic systems can be realized for unconventional electronic devices. The reprogrammability of the electrical resistance, the complex connectivity of the network that results in nonlocal modification of the resistance map, and long-term memory effects can be exployted to implement electrical components that function as reconfigurable nonlinear threshold logic gates. Furthermore, the peculiar nonlinear electrical response of platinum-based cluster-assembled devices is demonstrated to be well-suitable for hardware solutions that can significantly decrease energy and time consumption of data processing, particularly for classification tasks.
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