Publication date: 15th December 2025
Photoexcitation of low-dimensional semiconductors can lead to the formation of strongly confined but losely bound electron-hole pairs, or weakly confined but strongly bound excitons. Reference systems for both limits are 0D CdSe quantum dots and 2D CdSe nanoplatelets. In this presentation, we discuss examples of low dimensional systems characterized by strongly bound excitons. After a survey of exciton properties using CdSe nanoplatelets as an example, we first present the photophysics of excitons and bi-excitons in CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets. In these materials, strong electron-phonon coupling results in significantly different properties as compared to CdSe nanoplatelets, with major impact on the prospects of such materials for optical amplification and lasing. Next, we move the spherical ZnSe nanocrystals. We provide evidence that these materials are best understood as excitonic rather than strongly confined. However, opposite from CdSe nanoplatelets, a sizeable Stokes shift reduces spectral overlap between exciton absorption and emission, which leads to net optical gain from exciton recombination. We demonstrate that this characteristic leads to lasing under nanosecond optical pumping, with a record-low threshold and high optical efficiency. Based on these different examples, future directions in exciton-based low-dimensional materials are discussed.
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