Publication date: 15th December 2025
Catalyst design for the reduction of CO2 to valuable fuels needs property-function relationships to identify more generalized material design guidelines. A large body of work has been developed studying defect chemistry and especially oxygen vacancy chemistry in oxide systems for the water oxidation reaction, since typically these surfaces are unprotected, offering the investigation of the semiconductor-liquid junction in a photoanode directly.[1, 2] Recent works by Profs. Wang and Domen developed a new p-type visible light absorber (La,Sr)(Rh,Ti)O3 employed in the Z-scheme photocatalyst sheet device with a record 1% solar-to-hydrogen efficiency,[3] turning the focus to investigating defect chemistry in absorbers driving the reduction reaction.[4] Our latest work explores defect chemistry further, studying the CO2 photohydrogenation reaction with doped SrTiO3.[5] A key parameter we identify is surface area-normalized activity, which enables the identification of such material property-function relationships, in analogy to the insights gained from our recent studies in electrochemical CO2 reduction.[6]
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