Publication date: 15th December 2025
Colloidal quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) have attracted considerable attention as promising candidates for next-generation display technologies owing to their excellent color purity and compatibility with solution-based fabrication. However, single-emission-unit devices inherently exhibit limited luminance and efficiency, which restrict further performance enhancement. To overcome these limitations, tandem QLEDs incorporating a charge generation layer (CGL) have been explored, where charges generated within the CGL are supplied to each emissive layer, enabling improved charge balance and higher luminance. In this study, we propose a CGL design employing TFB as the hole-transporting layer (HTL) to enhance charge-generation efficiency in tandem QLEDs. TFB exhibits superior hole-transport characteristics and provides a more favorable energetic alignment with ZnMgO compared to PEDOT:PSS, allowing more stable charge flow within the CGL. This configuration promotes efficient utilization of charges generated at the p–n junction while reducing losses during charge generation and subsequent injection into the emissive layers. Based on this design, tandem QLEDs with the structure ITO/PEDOT:PSS/TFB/G-QDs/ZnMgO/TFB/PEDOT:PSS/G-QDs/ZnMgO/Al were fabricated. The resulting devices exhibited balanced charge injection into the two emissive layers and showed markedly improved optoelectronic performance compared to single-emission-unit devices. Notably, the tandem device exhibited an approximately 1.5-fold enhancement in luminance relative to the single-emission-unit device. These results demonstrate that the incorporation of TFB within the CGL effectively stabilizes charge transport and enhances luminance. Overall, this work highlights TFB-based CGL engineering as an effective strategy for improving the performance of tandem QLEDs and provides a practical pathway toward high-brightness and high-efficiency QLED devices.
This work was supported by the KEIT (RS-2025-02413057) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea).
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