Publication date: 15th December 2025
Miniaturized solid-state batteries provide a powerful platform for exploring the fundamental processes that govern solid–solid electrochemical interfaces, while simultaneously addressing the growing demand for compact and reliable energy storage in applications such as microsensors, implantable devices, and distributed IoT systems. Within this context, Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) stands out as a versatile thin film fabrication technique, offering exceptional control over composition, microstructure, and layer thickness across a wide range of electrode and electrolyte materials.
In this talk, we present a PLD-based approach to the fabrication and integration of oxide and phosphate thin film electrodes with solid-state electrolytes, focusing on interface formation and electrochemical behavior in both half-cell and full-cell configurations. Spinel Li4Ti5O12 and LiMn2O4 and olivine LiFePO₄ thin films are investigated as model anode and cathodes, respectively, integrated with NASICON-type and LATP electrolytes. By tailoring deposition conditions and lithium supply during growth, distinct phase distributions and lithiation profiles are achieved, which strongly influence interfacial stability and cycling response. In particular, lithium-rich interfacial phases in LiMn₂O₄-based systems are shown to enable extended voltage operation when coupled to LiPON.
By combining multiple electrode chemistries, electrolyte families, and cell configurations, this talk aims to highlight PLD as a powerful tool not only for realizing proof-of-concept thin film solid-state batteries, but also for systematically probing the mechanisms that govern solid-state electrochemical interfaces across emerging material systems.
J.C.G.-R. acknowledges financial support from the Ramón y Cajal Fellowship from MICIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 and FSE+ (RYC2023-043274-I). The SPINELKING project (2025 prod 00005) has the support of the Department of Research and Universities of the Generalitat de Catalunya. This project (PCI2022-132960) has received funding from MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR” (AfreeSSB project) and the “Generalitat de Catalunya” (2021 SGR 00750, NANOEN, and 2021 SGR 01286). We also acknowledge funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant no. 95817) and the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE, grant no. SI/502460-01).
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