Publication date: 15th December 2025
Water splitting is a key reaction for producing hydrogen from renewable electricity. It consists of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and improving the activity of OER catalysts is particularly important because of the large overpotential required for this reaction. Noble metal oxides1 such as IrOx and RuOx have attracted considerable attention as promising OER catalysts. However, their synthesis typically requires long-term calcination at high temperatures, making it difficult to prepare them under ambient conditions. Furthermore, to reduce catalyst cost, it is essential to synthesize fine nanoparticles with high atomic utilization efficiency by suppressing aggregation2. In this context, the development of a simple, energy-efficient synthesis method that prevents catalyst agglomeration is highly desirable.
Here, we focus on layered manganese oxide (MnO2)3, which can accommodate metal ion complexes within its interlayer nanospaces. These metal complexes can undergo electrochemical reactions within the confined interlayer environment. In this study, a noble metal complex was intercalated into the interlayer spaces of layered MnO2 as a precursor, and a noble metal-manganese composite oxide was engineered via electrochemical processing under ambient temperature and pressure. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques, and their OER activities were evaluated in different electrolytes. By confining the synthesis reaction within the interlayer nanospaces, oxide agglomeration was effectively suppressed, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of noble metals.
This work was supported by ASPIRE (JPMJAP2422), NEDO (JPNP 20004), JST SPRING (JPMJSP2138), and KAKENHI (22K14542).
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