Publication date: 15th December 2025
Optical microcavities play a decisive role in the design of a wide variety of devices and the study of strong light-matter interactions [1]. One of the key parameters that control the light-confinement characteristics of microcavities is the refractive index of the optical medium located between the reflecting layers.
Herein, we demonstrate an experimental approach to obtain a microcavity with a spacer layer made of an extremely low-refractive-index material, in order to obtain higher reflectance at the interface reflecting layer-spacer layer. The experimental procedure consists of: i) spin-coating of polystyrene nanoparticles over a glass-silver substrate, ii) chemical vapour deposition of SiO2, covering the inter-nanoparticle space [2], iii) thermal treatment to eliminate the polystyrene nanoparticles, leaving an ultra-porous layer of SiO2 shells and iv) physical vapour deposition of a top silver layer by thermal evaporation.
Moreover, we present a series of simulations of this layered media, based on the Transfer Matrix Method [3]. These simulations show that narrower and larger resonant cavity modes can be achieved when the refractive index of the spacer layer is reduced. Once the experimental parameters are optimized to achieve microcavities of high quality, we will study the advantages of this novel approach in order to observe strong light-matter coupling by infiltrating perovskite quantum dot solids within the SiO2 ultra-porous layer [4].
The research leading to these results has received funding under grants PREP2023-001658 and PID2023-149344OB-I00, funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, FSE+ and ERDF/EU.
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