Electronic properties of perovskite/GaN interface probed using contactless electroreflectance spectroscopy

Ewelina Zdanowicz^a, Artur P. Herman^a, Łukasz Przypis^b, Katarzyna Opołczyńska^c, Jarosław Serafińczuk^c, Henryk Turski^d, Robert Kudrawiec^a

^aDepartment of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology

^bSaule Research Institute, Wroclaw Technology Park, 11 Dunska, Wroclaw, 54-427, Poland

^cŁukasiewicz Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wrocław 54-066, Poland

^dInstitute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland

Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MATSUS)
Proceedings of Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MAT-SUS) (NFM22)

#OPTONEXT - Next Gen Semiconductors for Optoelectronics

Barcelona, Spain, 2022 October 24th - 28th

Organizers: Paul Shaw and Mike Hambsch

Poster, Ewelina Zdanowicz, 324
Publication date: 11th July 2022

In recent years, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs), particularly those of general formula ABX₃ (A = organic cation; B = Pb; X = halide) have emerged as one the most promising groups of semiconductors due to their unprecedented optical properties combined with facile processing. Among HOIPs CH₃NH₃PbI₃ (MAPI) revealed its excellent properties for solar absorber (1.55 eV direct band gap, small exciton binding energy, long charge carrier diffusion length, high charge carrier mobilities) becoming the most famous and extensively studied hybrid halide perovskite [1].

But looking at the noble establishment of semiconductor materials, the representative of III-V, GaN, is still on the table, since after 30 brilliant years career in (opto)electronics (LEDs, lasers, photodetectors, HEMT and power devices) is up to now an attractive subject of studies, particularly in combination with emerging materials as van der Waals crystals or perovskites. Specifically, devices as light emitters [2], solar cells [3,4] and photodetectors [5,6] can be evoked as examples. In this context, the understanding of interfacial electronic phenomena has to be provided.

In this study we present the investigation of MAPI/GaN interface by means of contactless electroreflectance spectroscopy (CER), which enables precise determination of the Fermi level position at the interface and thus enables to conclude about the carrier transport through it. We observed the increase of surface barrier height for MAPI/GaN interface comparing to reference GaN surface, what can be translated to the carrier flow from GaN surface to MAPI. Additionally, we demonstrate the prototype of fast, self-powered MAPI/GaN based photodetector operating in a broad spectral range.

References:

[1] Ganose, A. M.; Savory, C. N.; Scanlon, D. O. Beyond Methylammonium Lead Iodide: Prospects for the Emergent Field of Ns 2 Containing Solar Absorbers. Chem. Commun. 2017, 53 (1), 20–44.

[2] [2] Chen, L.-C.; Chang, Y.-T.; Tien, C.-H.; Yeh, Y.-C.; Tseng, Z.-L.; Lee, K.-L.; Kuo, H.-C. Red Light-Emitting Diodes with All-Inorganic CsPbI3/TOPO Composite Nanowires Color Conversion Films. Nanoscale Res Lett 2020, 15 (1), 216.

[3] Wei, H.; Wu, J.; Qiu, P.; Liu, S.; He, Y.; Peng, M.; Li, D.; Meng, Q.; Zaera, F.; Zheng, X. Plasma-Enhanced Atomic-Layer-Deposited Gallium Nitride as an Electron Transport Layer for Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7 (44), 25347–25354.

[4] Lee, K. J.; Min, J.-W.; Turedi, B.; Alsalloum, A. Y.; Min, J.-H.; Kim, Y. J.; Yoo, Y. J.; Oh, S.; Cho, N.; Subedi, R. C.; Mitra, S.; Yoon, S. E.; Kim, J. H.; Park, K.; Chung, T.-H.; Jung, S. H.; Baek, J. H.; Song, Y. M.; Roqan, I. S.; Ng, T. K.; Ooi, B. S.; Bakr, O. M. Nanoporous GaN/ n- Type GaN: A Cathode Structure for ITO-Free Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Energy Lett. 2020, 5 (10), 3295–3303.

[5] Zhou, H.; Mei, J.; Xue, M.; Song, Z.; Wang, H. High-Stability, Self-Powered Perovskite Photodetector Based on a CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /GaN Heterojunction with C 60 as an Electron Transport Layer. J. Phys. Chem. C 2017, 121 (39), 21541–21545.

[6] Mitra, S.; Muhammed, M. M.; Alwadai, N.; Almalawi, D. R.; Xin, B.; Pak, Y.; Roqan, I. S. Optimized Performance III-Nitride-Perovskite-Based Heterojunction Photodetector via Asymmetric Electrode Configuration. RSC Adv. 2020, 10 (10), 6092–6097.

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