Proceedings of International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics and Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics (NIPHO20)
Publication date: 25th November 2019
The development of nanomaterials for optoelectronic devices is one of the most active research topics of the last decade. An example can be found in the progress on solar cells (SC) and light-emitting devices (LEDs) based on nanostructured materials such as multi-layer architectures, nanotubes, nanoparticles or quantum dots [1,2]. Among the different type of nanostructures and applications, one-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials as nanotubes and nanowires based on wide bandgap metal oxides have been reported as excellent candidates for the assembly of electrodes with improved performance in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC), LEDs, and photoelectrochemical energy conversion devices [3, 4, 5]. In this work, we present the fabrication of Indium-Tin Oxide (ITO) nanotubes because of their ubiquitous use as transparent conducting oxide (TCO) electrode in solar cells [6]. With this aim, we have applied an innovative soft-template method and a full vacuum “one-reactor” configuration to fabricate, under mild temperature conditions, 1D (nanotubes) and 3D (nanotrees) structures directly supported on processable substrates.
The methodology consists of several vacuum and plasma assisted steps beginning with the growth of single-crystalline organic nanowires (ONWs) by vapor transport under mild vacuum [7]. In the second stage, we carry out the conformal deposition of ITO by magnetron sputtering followed by final annealing under controlled atmosphere. Experimental growth conditions for the ITO nanostructures such as deposition rate, pressure and post-annealing treatment were set to control the thickness, alignment and optoelectronic properties of the supported nanotubes and nanotrees. A detailed characterization including SEM, TEM, XRD, UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, XPS and advanced electrical measurements by four nanoprobe electrical analyses in a SEM were carried out to unravel the relationship between composition, microstructure, morphology and optoelectronic properties.
We thank the AEI, “Conserjería de Economía y Conocimiento de la Junta de Andalucía”, MINECO (MAT2016-79866-R, MAT2013-42900-P, FPA2016-77689-C2-1-R, and MAT2016-76892-C3-2-R) the EU through cohesion fund and FEDER 2014-2020 programs for financial support. J.R.S.-V. and A.Ba. acknowledge the EU project PlasmaPerovSol and funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement ID 661480. J.R.S-V thanks the University of Seville through the VI PPIT-US.
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