Proceedings of International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics and Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics (NIPHO25)
Publication date: 24th April 2025
Interface engineering via large organic ammonium cations has become a key strategy to enhance both efficiency and stability in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). These cations can form either thin molecular passivation layers or induce low-dimensional (2D) perovskite capping layers atop 3D perovskite absorbers—two structurally and electronically distinct configurations that differently affect device performance.
Self-assembled 2D perovskite layers effectively suppress interfacial recombination, boosting open-circuit voltage and operational stability. Bromide-based 2D perovskites further promote Br/I interhalide exchange, generating a compositional gradient from surface to bulk. This dual passivation—surface and bulk—enhances charge extraction and reduces non-radiative losses, enabling power conversion efficiencies up to 24.4% and excellent outdoor stability over 800 hours without degradation.
These results underscore the potential of ammonium cation-based strategies to go beyond defect passivation, enabling favorable structural and compositional tuning of the active layer. Further mechanistic insight and process optimization are critical to unlocking their full potential for scalable photovoltaic applications.
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